By combining the Treacy compressor with the Martinez grating pair stretcher with internal lenses, the pulse shaping through a complete chirped pulse amplification (CPA) setup is modeled. The application of the extended method is demonstrated by performing the wave optical propagation of an ultrashort pulse through a single diffraction grating and then through a Treacy compressor system. Although the diffraction efficiencies are not rigorously computed, the GPBD method enables modeling of the large angular dispersion of idealized diffraction gratings without running into an impractically large number of spectral samples as in the case of Fourier-transform-based methods. In this paper, the Gaussian pulsed beam decomposition (GPBD) method is extended to handle the propagation of ultrashort pulses, with arbitrary spatial and spectral profiles, through complex ultrashort pulse shaping systems containing diffraction gratings. Hence, modeling the temporal dispersion and spatiotemporal distortions associated with the angular dispersion of a diffraction grating is very crucial for wave optical modeling of such systems. Lastly, we discuss nuances of analysis and visualization of spatio-temporal data, which is an often underappreciated and non-trivial part of ultrafast pulse characterization.Ī diffraction grating is one of the most commonly used components in ultrafast optical systems such as pulse stretchers and compressors. The goal is to provide a reference and a comparison of various techniques for newcomers to the field. We then overview a broad range of spatio-temporal characterization techniques with a view to mention most techniques, but also to provide greater details on a few chosen methods. In this tutorial we introduce STCs and a detailed understanding of their behavior in order to have a background knowledge, but also to inform the design of characterization devices. These so-called spatio-temporal couplings (STCs) are generally nonseparable chromatic aberrations that can be induced by very common optical elements - for example diffraction gratings and thick lenses or prisms made from dispersive material. Beyond pure temporal characterization, spatio-temporal characterization provides a more complete measurement of the spatially-varying temporal properties of a laser pulse. The temporal characterization of ultrafast laser pulses has become a cornerstone capability of ultrafast optics laboratories and is routine both for optimizing laser pulse duration and designing custom fields. Lastly, we discuss nuances of analysis and visualization of spatio-temporal data, which is an often underappreciated and non-trivial part of ultrafast pulse characterization. These so-called spatio-temporal couplings (STCs) are generally nonseparable chromatic aberrations that can be induced by very common optical elements-for example, diffraction gratings and thick lenses or prisms made from dispersive material.
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